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The Journal of South Asian Non-Proliferation

December, 2008


Editorial Staff
Maria Sultan, Editor-in-Chief
 Nick Robson, Research & Production

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Journal of South Asian Non-Proliferation is an online compendium of non-proliferation related publications.
It is a periodic compilation of news, official statements, and expert analyses related to South Asian non-proliferation issues.

 


 


 

Supporting worldwide understanding of South Asian non-proliferation, arms control and disarmament issues.

 


The Journal of South Asian Non-Proliferation
is a Product of the South Asian Strategic Stability Institute (SASSI)

 


CONTENTS 

NUCLEAR RELATED ISSUES

 

á      Leader: Pakistan wonŐt be first in nuclear strike

á      AF Moves in Right Direction on Nuke Program

á      Russia, Libya sign civil nuclear deal as Kadhafi visits: Tripoli

á      Former Speaker: Iran Views WMD as Useless Tool

á      The Weakest Link: More Delays in Nuclear Detection at Borders

á      Gates's nuclear brief

á      Brazil wants UNSC to drop Iran nuclear case

á      Brown wants greater nuclear links

á      Nuclear technology will strengthen IranŐs independence: Larijani

á      Election breathes new life into nuclear debate

 

MISSILE RELATED ISSUES  

 

á      NATO says still backs plan for U.S. missile shield

 

á      Missile defense needs to be scaled back

 

á      Pakistani Army Tests Missile Capable of Shooting Down Drones

 

 

OPINION / EDITORIAL

 

á      No Nukes

á      Global Trends 2025:  A Transformed World

á      ObamaŐs Victory

 

CHEM / BIO

 

á      Terrorists may switch to nuke & biological warfare, says Patil

 

CLIMATE / ENERGY

 

á      Jordan, France's Areva discuss plans to build nuclear plant

á      Bahrain To Host Seminar On Climate Change

á      RP plans to start up 600-MW nuclear power plant by 2025

á      Governors push climate agenda: State leaders sign pact to work with other nations

á      NASA scientist cites 'global-warming emergency'

á      New Nuclear Option at Nanticoke Good News for Jobs, Investment

á      Nuclear energy a must for the Kingdom

 


SUMMARIES

 

NUCLEAR RELATED ISSUES

 

 

Leader: Pakistan won't be first in nuclear strike

 

ISLAMABAD, Pakistan - 23 November 2008 (AP) — Pakistan's president has assured rival India he would not be the first to use atomic weapons in any future conflict and proposed the idea of a nuclear-free South Asia. Pakistan's nuclear doctrine, unlike India's, does not contain a clause saying the country will not use its weapons first in conflict.

 

It was not clear if President Asif Ali Zardari's comments, made Saturday during a video conference question-and-answer session organized by The Hindustan Times newspaper of India, represented a formal change in policy.

 

Asked by a student whether Pakistan was prepared to say it would not use a nuclear weapon first, Zardari said: "Most defiantly, I am against nuclear warfare altogether," he said.

The moderator then asked the question again, pointing out to Zardari that his earlier answer was a "headline." Zardari again replied, "Definitely." Zardari proposed the idea of a nuclear-free South Asia, saying he could persuade lawmakers to support such a plan, the reports said.

 


AF Moves in Right Direction on Nuke Program

 

(October 30, 2008 Air Force Print News)

WASHINGTON - Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates pointed to broad initiatives within the Air Force he said are helping to return its nuclear mission to "the standards of excellence for which it was known throughout the entire Cold War." Secretary Gates credited Airmen with helping Air Force officials recover from problems that came to light over the past year regarding the handling of nuclear weapons and related material. Those issues involved a mistaken shipment of sensitive missions parts to Taiwan in 2006, and an unauthorized transfer of munitions from Minot Air Force Base, N.D., to Barksdale AFB, La., in August 2007.

 


Russia, Libya sign civil nuclear deal as Kadhafi visits: Tripoli

 

(November 2, 2008) MOSCOW (AFP) — Libya and Russia signed a civil nuclear cooperation deal Saturday, Tripoli's foreign minister said, as Moamer Kadhafi visited Moscow for talks he said could help restore "geopolitical equilibrium".A cooperation agreement was signed in the area of the peaceful use of civilian nuclear, particularly in the design and construction of reactors and the supply of nuclear fuel," said Abdelrahman Chalgham, who accompanied Kadhafi. The deal also extended to nuclear use in medicine and nuclear waste treatment, he said.The Kremlin made no comment, and Russian government spokesman Dmitry Peskov said no such agreement had been signed during the meeting between Kadhafi and Putin.

 


 Former Speaker: Iran Views WMD as Useless Tool

 

(November 1, 2008) TEHRAN (FNA)- Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) are not the key to solving current world problems, Iran's former Parliament Speaker Gholam Ali Haddad Adel said. "The Islamic Republic is not seeking to obtain nuclear weapons since its power already emanates from its people," Haddad Adel said in an interview with Kuwaiti newspaper al-Rai al-Alam. "Tehran's nuclear work poses no threat to the region," Haddad Adel added, stressing that Iran was "on the right track" with respect to its nuclear program.


The Weakest Link: More Delays in Nuclear Detection at Borders

 

Experts: Proposed Technology Not Worth $3 Billion Price Tag (October 31, 2008 )

It is one of the most likely ways that terrorists can cause mass casualties – a crude nuclear device smuggled into the country via a cargo container, truck, or boat. Yet, experts say, seven years after the 9/11 attacks, a gaping nuclear loophole remains at the nation's borders and seaports.

 


Gates's nuclear brief

 

(November 3, 2008) IN A SPEECH before a think tank Tuesday, Defense Secretary Robert Gates suggested that upgrading America's nuclear weapons is a good way to discourage proliferation around the globe. His argument before the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace was provocative - but also persuasive. Gates's key recommendations for securing, modernizing, and reducing the US nuclear stockpile should be heeded by Congress and by the next president.

 

Brazil wants UNSC to drop Iran nuclear case

 
(Mon, 03 Nov 2008) In a Sunday meeting in Tehran, Brazilian Foreign Minister Celso Amorim said the release of 'positive' reports by the International Atomic Energy Agency on Iran's nuclear program proves that Tehran is rightfully entitled to enrich uranium. Brazil says the UN Security Council should shelve Iran's nuclear dossier and allow the normalization of the country's enrichment case.

The statement comes as a blow to Washington, which has accused Iran of pursuing a military nuclear program and has been a key advocate of UN sanctions aimed at forcing the country to suspend uranium enrichment.

 


Brown wants greater nuclear links

 

ABU DHABI // November 02. 2008 - Gordon Brown, the British prime minister, will today push for strengthened co-operation on civil nuclear and green energy projects during a visit to Abu Dhabi. Britain is one of eight nuclear powers co-operating with the Government in its preparations to become the first Arab nation with atomic power. Britain and the Emirates signed a co-operative agreement on civil nuclear energy in May after the UAE indicated its wishes to develop a peaceful nuclear programme.

 


Nuclear technology will strengthen IranŐs independence: Larijani

 

TEHRAN (IRNA) – On Saturday, Majlis Speaker Ali Larijani criticized efforts by certain Western countries which are trying to prevent Iran from getting access to peaceful nuclear technology, saying Iran is trying to strengthen its independence through its peaceful nuclear energy program.


Election breathes new life into nuclear debate

 

WASHINGTON: Mon Nov 3, (Reuters) - Whether it is [was] Barack Obama or John McCain, the new U.S. president will take over one of the most awesome of responsibilities -- his finger will be on the trigger of the country's huge nuclear arsenal.In advance of the election, some of Washington's most influential national security thinkers have argued for a dramatic shift in U.S. policy, to actively pursue the eventual elimination of all nuclear weapons from the Earth.Many dismiss this goal as a dream, given the lack of trust among the nuclear weapons powers and the entrenched role that atomic weapons have in the global balance of power.But Democratic front-runner Obama, who is leading in polls before Tuesday's election, endorsed it and his Republican rival John McCain said he hopes to move to "the lowest possible number" of U.S. nuclear weapons.

"I will not authorize the development of new nuclear weapons," Obama said in September. "And I will make the goal of eliminating nuclear weapons worldwide a central element of U.S. nuclear policy."


 

MISSILE RELATED ISSUES

 

NATO says still backs plan for U.S. missile shield

 

BRUSSELS, Nov 17 (Reuters) - NATO reaffirmed on Monday its backing for a planned U.S. missile shield in Europe after French President Nicolas Sarkozy said it would bring no extra security on the continent.

NATO leaders including Sarkozy welcomed U.S. plans to deploy the missile shield in Poland and the Czech Republic as a "substantial contribution to the protection of allies" at a summit in Bucharest last April.

Washington says the shield will protect the United States and its allies from attack by "rogue" states such as Iran and North Korea and rejects Russia's argument that it is a direct threat to its territory.

But after talks with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev on Friday, Sarkozy said that deploying the U.S. anti-missile system would do "nothing to bring security and complicates things".

NATO spokeswoman Carmen Romero said the alliance's position had not changed.

 


Missile defense needs to be scaled back

 

22 November 2008- In the past few years the Bush administration has pursued the creation of a missile defense system in Europe that is geared toward defending against ballistic missiles from Iran or others in the Middle East. This issue has been a significant point of contention between the United States and Russia due to the Russian perception that the system is actually intended to infringe on their nuclear power. The various players—including Poland, NATO, and U.S. military official as proponents of this project and Russia, France, and academics as critics—are extremely interested in the thoughts of President-elect Obama on missile defense.

President Medvedev of Russia wasted little time in making aggressive moves intended to ŇneutralizeÓ the missile defense system by placing missiles on the border with Poland, where the system is intended to be based. A few days later Polish President Lech Kaczynski claimed, apparently falsely, that Obama had verbally vowed to continue the program. Despite their best efforts, the various players have failed to force ObamaŐs hand into committing either way. Obama has, in the past, stated that Ňwe need missile defense because of Iran and North Korea and the potential for them to obtain or to launch nuclear weapons.Ó However, he has expressed doubts about the actual effectiveness of the current technology and claims that he would not support a system that wouldnŐt fulfill its function.


Pakistani Army Tests Missile Capable of Shooting Down Drones

Nov. 21 (Bloomberg) -- Pakistan successfully tested a short- range, surface-to-air missile capable of destroying drones, the country's military said, two days after protesting to the U.S. over attacks on its territory by the unmanned aircraft. ``The elements of army air defense demonstrated their shooting skills by targeting drones flying at different altitudes,'' according to a statement posted today on the military's Web site. The test took place during an exercise that also involved the use of radar-controlled guns.

The government in Islamabad summoned U.S. Ambassador Anne W. Patterson on Nov. 19, for the second time in a month, to demand a halt to strikes on its soil by American forces based in neighboring Afghanistan. On Nov. 18, U.S. forces extended their attacks for the first time to an area beyond Pakistan's tribal region along the border, the Foreign Ministry said.

 


 

 

OPINION / EDITORIAL

 

No nukes

Once a quixotic slogan, the idea of actually dismantling every nuclear weapon is attracting mainstream policy thinkers

 

By Drake Bennett  - Boston.com - November 23, 2008

 

FOR MANY AMERICANS, the idea of a world without nuclear weapons is a bit like the idea of a world without war or disease - it would be nice, but, contra John Lennon, it's hard to imagine.

 

That's not to say lots of people haven't devoted themselves to the cause. As the atomic age was dawning, Gandhi was already demanding its end, and today Pope Benedict XVI echoes that call. A host of international organizations, from Greenpeace to Mayors for Peace to the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament to the German Green Party, are dedicated to the abolition of nuclear weapons. Many of them have been at it for decades.

 

The movement, however, has always carried utopian associations, and been conflated in the popular imagination with pacifism. The leaders of the world's nuclear powers, their global stature buttressed by their atomic arsenals, have, with a few exceptions, shown little real interest in the idea.

 

This is changing. Total nuclear disarmament - "getting to zero" in the arms-control argot - has become a mainstream cause. Voices from the heights of the American foreign policy establishment have begun to argue that, in a world of inevitably unruly globalization, increasing interest in nuclear energy, incomplete alliances, ambitious suicide terrorists, and ever-present human fallibility, it will never be enough to improve controls on the world's nuclear weapons, or to reduce their numbers. We have to commit to eliminating them altogether.

 

These arguments are being made not by popes and mahatmas and Greens but by former secretaries of state and secretaries of defense, by generals and nuclear scientists, Democrats and Republicans. The leaders of the new no-nuke movement are George Shultz, Henry Kissinger, William Perry, and Sam Nunn, four of the most respected figures in American foreign policy circles. Over the past two years, they have, in speeches, at arms-control conferences and, most prominently, in two widely circulated op-ed pieces, lent their authority to an idea that is still seen as fairly radical.

 

And there is evidence that these arguments are being taken seriously by the people who are going to be making decisions about nuclear policy in the new administration. On the campaign trail, Barack Obama repeatedly committed himself to a nuclear-free future. One of his key foreign policy advisers, Ivo Daalder, coauthored an article in the current issue of Foreign Affairs, a leading foreign policy journal, laying out a plan for how to get there.

 

No one is arguing that this is a goal that will be reached in the next eight years, but there's a sense that for the first time in a long while, real and significant movement in that direction is possible.

 

"The reaction has amazed me," says Shultz, who served as Ronald Reagan's secretary of state. "People realize that the future, if we just keep going as we are, is not very inviting."

 

The newfound prominence of the nuclear abolitionist idea has heartened longtime activists, and it has alarmed some nuclear experts, who see it as a rash rejection of a strategy that, for all its perils, proved effective at making the second half of the 20th century far less bloody than the first.

 

"It's an unserious idea espoused by serious people," says Robert Jervis, a professor of international affairs and security policy at Columbia University. "It's a little puzzling."

 

Regardless, though, this new vision has pushed a reexamination of not only how to get to a nonnuclear world, but how to stay there. And it raises a set of koan-like questions with thorny practical implications. In a world in which former nuclear powers could keep their bomb-building know-how even if they get rid of their bombs, is zero enough? If not, then what would be? How can we ever ensure that a technology as potent as this one will not be used? The new no-nukes forces realize the enormity of the challenge, and they're beginning to offer answers.

 

It took time for nuclear weapons to acquire their air of ineradicability. Even before Fat Man and Little Boy were dropped on Japan, some of the very scientists who had brought the weapons into existence were arguing that the world would be better off without them. In 1946, the Truman administration submitted to the United Nations a now unimaginable plan under which the United States - at that point still the world's sole nuclear power - would turn over its arsenal to an international body, as long as the rest of the world's nations pledged not to develop atomic weapons of their own and submitted to regular inspections to verify it. The Soviet Union balked, and the plan was dropped.

 

After the Soviet Union acquired its own nuclear arsenal, and as the Cold War began in earnest, such efforts came to seem unworkable and naive. With little trust between the two superpowers, American policy makers saw the threat of overwhelming nuclear devastation as the only guarantee of peace - especially given the clear advantage in conventional forces that the Soviets would possess in a European conflict. And while the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, which the United States signed in 1968, committed those nations with nuclear weapons to work toward total disarmament, none of them truly have.

 

For George Shultz, the first vision of what that disarmament might look like came at the Reykjavik summit in 1986. With Shultz at the table with them, Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev famously found themselves on the brink of agreeing to give up their nations' entire nuclear arsenals - the plan only collapsed over Reagan's refusal to relinquish his ambitions for a missile defense system and Gorbachev's equally stubborn refusal to accept such a system.

 

But for all its historical drama, many of Reagan's top aides and allies saw Reykjavik as a catastrophe narrowly averted. As Shultz describes it, when Reagan talked about a nuclear-free future, "most of the experts around him sort of patted him on the head and tolerated it, but didn't take it seriously." Immediately after returning from Iceland, Shultz was summoned to a meeting with Margaret Thatcher at which she subjected him to a ferocious tongue-lashing for his complicity in what she saw as Reagan's recklessness. Richard Nixon claimed that the summit had been as perilous to Western interests as any since Yalta, when Eastern Europe was ceded to the Soviets. Among the other vocal critics was Sam Nunn, then a Democratic US senator from Georgia and one of his party's leading voices on foreign affairs.

 

The fact that Nunn is now one of the leading nuclear abolitionists suggests how much the landscape has changed. In a move that reverberated loudly through the small world of nuclear policy thinkers, Nunn, along with Shultz, Perry, and Kissinger, published an op-ed in the Wall Street Journal in January 2007 urging a commitment to "a world free of nuclear weapons and working energetically on the actions required to achieve that goal." Many of the concrete steps they outlined, both in that piece and in a follow-up a year later, were uncontroversial: better security for nuclear weapons and weapons materials, taking missiles off high alert so they're less likely to be launched accidentally, reducing stockpiles, and strengthening compliance with existing arms-control agreements. But their explicit invocation of a post-nuclear-weapons world gave their argument a galvanizing power.

 

Rather than recoiling in horror, much of the foreign policy establishment has embraced the abolitionist idea. In one form or another, former high-ranking officials including Colin Powell, Madeleine Albright, James A. Baker III, Zbigniew Brzezinski, William Cohen, Lawrence Eagleburger, Anthony Lake and Robert McNamara, among others, have signed on to the cause.

 

Today's abolitionists argue that the international picture has changed dramatically since Reykjavik, in a way that scrambles the traditional cost-benefit calculation around nuclear weapons. Most obviously, the Cold War is over, and with it much of the logic of a massive nuclear deterrent. And at the same time, the risks that come with nuclear weapons have only grown. In place of an expansionist Soviet Union, one of the greatest threats to the United States today is a suicide terrorist with a crude nuclear device in a truck, or on a motorboat in a big-city harbor. And with more countries now possessing nuclear weapons - and a still larger number pursuing nuclear energy - the number of places where nuclear materials could be acquired is growing. All of this is on top of the continued risk of an accidental apocalypse from malfunction or human error.

 

"There's a greater danger today [from nuclear weapons], and they've become less relevant to our defense," says Sidney Drell, a physicist and emeritus Stanford professor who has worked closely with Shultz in developing his arguments for abolition.

 

Nunn's own "evolution," as he describes it, came from the realization that even the most basic efforts at international coordination on nuclear issues were increasingly hampered by a sense among nonnuclear states that nuclear powers like the United States were ignoring their own obligation to disarm. "That's what we signed up for in 1968," he says, referring to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. "The general view out there when you get behind the scenes, even with some of our allies, is, 'We don't like Iran and North Korea, but what kind of hypocrites are you?' "

 

Skeptics of going to zero don't so much disagree with any of these arguments as find them wholly inadequate as a justification for so radical a step. First of all, they argue, there is the question of how we could ensure that no one decided to keep a few carefully hidden weapons. Even with a moderately intrusive inspection regime, a country could easily secret away a dozen warheads, and in a world in which no one else has them, that would be an extremely potent threat.

 

"Zero is a very unstable number," says Jervis.

 

But the real danger would arise if the world actually did manage to stay free of nuclear weapons, critics say. They worry that, freed from the nuclear shadow, national leaders would be more reckless, picking fights that they would have shied away from in a nuclear world, where all-out war has cataclysmic consequences. Michael May, the former director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, uses the example of the recent conflagration between Russia and Georgia, which, he argues, would have been more likely to draw in the United States and escalate into a broader war if not for the clarifying backdrop of the American and Russian nuclear arsenals.

 

"The real example is not the Cold War," May says. "It is World War I or II. They show how advanced countries, no matter their interests, can stumble into war, or be led by a demagogue."

 

But while the abolitionists concede that the path will be difficult, they maintain that the greater risk is to keep the weapons. And a few analysts have started thinking, in as specific a way as possible, about the steps necessary to get there.

 

In the coming years, arms-control experts believe one of the trickiest tensions is going to be between the need to control the world's supply of weapons-grade fissile material and the need to feed the world's growing nuclear energy industry - an expansion helped along by concerns about climate change, pollution, and the world's long-term oil and gas supplies.

 

One suggestion is to create a single international body, with a sweeping global mandate, that would control and track all of the world's fissile material, no matter its form - something like the current-day International Atomic Energy Agency, but far larger and better-funded. Such a body would be able to spot any diversions to potential terrorists, and would trace and verify cuts in stockpiles.

 

The other major question is what, if anything, countries can use as a deterrent in place of nuclear missiles. (This is less of a worry for the United States than other countries - in a nuclear-free world our conventional military dominance would be all the more pronounced.) In a paper published this summer, George Perkovich and James Acton, two nuclear proliferation experts at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, weighed two options. One was an international body that would control the world's remaining nuclear weapons and be empowered to use them on rogue nations - a set-up that seems, for the foreseeable future, politically implausible.

 

The second was more intriguing. It was a proposal, first suggested in 1984 by the writer and nuclear analyst Jonathan Schell, for "virtual" nuclear arsenals. In effect, the world's nuclear powers would dismantle all of their weapons, but maintain everything they need to quickly build new ones - fissile material, trained engineers, production facilities. If threatened, a country could have a new arsenal built in weeks.

 

Whether or not nations would consider this an effective deterrent, Schell's idea also raises the question of what, exactly, going to zero means. Would we actually be living in a nuclear-free world if there were no nuclear weapons but dozens of nuclear-weapons facilities poised to churn them out if need be?

 

Some thinkers have suggested that better than zero might actually be, say, 10 weapons, if those bare-bones arsenals were combined with a coordinated missile-defense system to protect against the risks of accidental launches.

 

Schell himself prefers to talk in terms of "degrees below zero."

 

"If you took all the bombs off the delivery vehicles and took the guts out of the bombs, and you stored them in underground locations, in some sense that might be zero or some level below that. If you melted down the fissile material that's another degree below it," he says. "You're driving the technology ever backward."

 

Even if we wanted to, of course, we could not make the world's nuclear scientists forget how to build bombs. What is possible, say the abolitionists, is that, through patient, determined effort, we find ways to make that knowledge as obsolete as possible. "It's a bad phrase, 'Putting the genie back in the bottle,' " says Jan Lodal, a former senior Pentagon and White House official in the Nixon, Ford, and Clinton administrations and the coauthor of the current Foreign Affairs article. "You can't uninvent the technology. But you build a new bottle, a bigger bottle, and you make it stronger."

 

 


 

Global Trends 2025:  A Transformed World

 

We prepared Global Trends 2025:  A Transformed World to stimulate strategic  thinking about the future by identifying key trends,thefactors that drive them,where  they seem to be headed, and how they might interact.  It uses scenarios to illustrate some  of the many ways in which the drivers examined in the study (e.g., globalization,  demography, the rise of new powers, the decay of international institutions, climate  change, and the geopolitics of energy) may interact to generate challenges and  opportunities for future decisionmakers.  The study as a whole is more a description of  the factors likely to shape events than a prediction of what will actually happen.

 


ObamaŐs victory

 

Dawn On-Line Edition – November 6 2008 - EVEN if he had failed in his bid for the presidency, Barack Obama would have succeeded in transforming the face of US politics, and possibly changing forever the way Americans think. In the event he pulled off a feat that was not only historic but revolutionary, and perhaps even miraculous. He was born, after all, in a country where it was unthinkable until very recently that a black person could be nominated by one of the major parties, let alone become president. The times, it is clear, are changing in America. A majority of citizens have let it be known, in emphatic fashion, that they want their nation to pursue a different course, a new direction. Given the enormity of the problems inherited by the president-elect, the US may continue to falter in areas of governance, economic resurrection and foreign policy. But pause and look at the fine print, which ought really to be in bold. The nationŐs social fabric has been strengthened immeasurably: it has been to the darnerŐs, the cleanerŐs and then back to the people. Putting a black man in the White House is a staggering achievement for America where millions of voters chose this year to look at the person, not his race. This wholehearted embrace of multiculturalism will also lift AmericaŐs battered image abroad and tell the world that better things may — and thatŐs a big may, admittedly — be expected of a superpower that has ridden roughshod over real and imagined adversaries in the last eight years when intellect and the White House became mutually exclusive. George W. BushŐs utterances may have been a source of amusement abroad but were also a source of shame for educated Americans.

 

It has been said that Mr ObamaŐs bid for the top job in Washington was more a movement than a campaign, on the grounds that movements inspire while campaigns are either just supported or opposed. And inspire he certainly did. He became a symbol of change, and with his oratorical genius and serene demeanour led many to believe that it was time to turn not just the leaf but to close a chapter. And that, yes, it could be done. John McCain, in contrast, represented for the majority a continuation of the past — and a moribund past at that. He ran a decent campaign, however, for he is a person who has always distanced himself from the ultra-right-wing fringe of his party. Even if that position lost him some votes, it wouldnŐt have been decisive.

 

The world awaits how America will reposition itself — or not. Here in Pakistan, Mr ObamaŐs earlier take on the issue of militancy was sometimes seen as somewhat short-sighted and belligerent. The US certainly cannot go it alone without the support of Pakistan (that is a reality that America must acknowledge publicly if it is an honest broker). But Pakistan too has to understand that a different mood now prevails in Washington. There will be a clear tendency on the part of our patrons to pour money into democracy as opposed to autocracy.


 

CHEM / BIO

 

Terrorists may switch to nuke & biological warfare, says Patil

 

NEW DELHI: 23 Nov 2008, The alleged involvement of Hindu radical groups in recent incidents of terror and communal violence came up for discussion during the meeting of DGPs here, leading to the consensus that all states and UTs must take stock of the presence of such extremists outfits and their fronts and keep a watchful eye on their activities.

Though no particular Hindu outfitŐs name cropped up during the deliberations at the two-day DGP conference being organised by IB, the statesŐ nod for a data-check on radical saffron outfits comes days after the Centre wrote to all state chief secretaries seeking details of outfits like Bajrang Dal and the criminal cases pending against their functionaries.


 

 

CLIMATE / ENERGY

 

Jordan, France's Areva discuss plans to build nuclear plant

AMMAN, Nov. 2 (Xinhua) -- Energy-thirsty Jordan on Sunday discussed with French nuclear giant Areva plans to join hands to build a nuclear plant in the kingdom. Talks between Jordan's Prime Minister Nader Dahabi and visiting Areva CEO Anne Lauvergeon covered a timetable for the project, Areva's key role in helping Jordan raise sufficient funds for construction, and operation of the nuclear power facility. The two sides also discussed to establish a French university in the port city of Ababa to train Jordanians in fields including nuclear energy, information technology and applied sciences. Jordan has signed an agreement with Areva on uranium exploration and mining last month. Areva was reported to embark on a uranium project in Jordan in November.


 

Bahrain To Host Seminar On Climate Change

 

MANAMA, NOV. 23 (BNA) -- The kingdom of Bahrain will host a seminar next Wednesday and Thursday under the theme of Energy and Climate change: Challenges and Opportunities. The event will be organized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in coordination with the National Oil and Gas Authority (NOGA) and the General Commission for the Protection of Marine Resources, Environment and Wildlife. the Foreign Ministry and the other organizers have resorted to the thai embassy in the kingdom to help them finalize the procedures and invite the asian cooperation dialogue states for Thailands active role in the group. a host of issues will be tackled by the symposium including climate change, clean fuel technology, exchange of expertise, ways of reducing emissions and how acd could benefit from relevant un programmes.


RP plans to start up 600-MW nuclear power plant by 2025

(November 03, 2008) The Philippines plans to start up its first 600-megawatt (MW) nuclear power plant by 2025, according to data from the Department of Energy (DOE).

In its latest Philippine Energy Plan (PEP), it was noted that the new nuclear power facility is expected to contribute 0.885 million tonne oil equivalent (MTOE) to the projected energy mix and will reach up to 3.54 MTOE by 2035.


Governors push climate agenda: State leaders sign pact to work with other nations

 

Nov. 22, 2008, State leaders are cheering President-elect Barack Obama's plans to make addressing climate change a national priority — but say they'll continue to move forward on their own.

At a first-of-its-kind climate change meeting in Beverly Hills, international and state leaders said the problems that global warming present to the world are too big not to do everything possible to address it.

"When you realize the kind of impact that climate change can have on a state like Florida, as any other ... I think the people of our respective states expect us to at least try to make a difference," Fla. Gov. Charlie Crist said last week at the conference hosted by California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger.

International climate help

Rising sea levels and other global warming-related problems could devastate Florida and its tourist-driven economy, Crist said. He and 12 other governors, as well as leaders from five other countries, signed a wide-reaching agreement Wednesday to work together on strategies to combat global warming.


NASA scientist cites 'global-warming emergency'

 

NASA physicist says public awareness lags about the 'hundreds of millions' of people worldwide will sufffer from lack of water, rising seas Time is running out to prevent catastrophic consequences from global warming, a leading climate scientist warned a packed audience Thursday at Stanford University.

 

Physicist James E. Hansen, director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, said hundreds of millions of people will lose fresh water sources and hundreds of millions of others will be displaced by rising sea levels if fossil fuel emissions remain on their current course.

 

"We've reached a point where we have a crisis, an emergency, but people don't know that," Hansen told a packed Stanford audience Thursday night.

 

"There's a big gap between what's understood about global warming by the scientific community and what is known by the public and policymakers."

 

Hansen, who first warned about climate change in testimony to Congress in the late 198s, said a path out of the crisis is, "barely, still possible."

 


Canadian Manufacturers & Exporters: New Nuclear Option at Nanticoke Good News for Jobs, Investment

 

Nov 3 2008: Canadian Manufacturers & Exporters (CME) expressed support for Bruce Power's announcement that the company was launching a planning process to consider the construction of two new nuclear units at Nanticoke.The news means the region could benefit from billions in new private investment and thousands of new jobs if the project proceeds. Ontario manufacturers could significantly benefit given the significant amount of upfront investment Bruce Power would make during construction.

 

 

Nuclear energy a must for the Kingdom


(
Arab News, November 1, 2008) An International Symposium on the Peaceful Applications of Nuclear Technology in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries [was] held at King Abdul Aziz University (KAU) in Jeddah on Nov. 3-5. The Higher Education Ministry and the KAUŐs department of nuclear engineering are jointly organizing the event.

 


 

 



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